Dicas Médicas

domingo, setembro 11, 2005

Símbolo da Medicina

Qual o símbolo verdadeiro da Medicina? O de Asclépio (a sua esquerda) ou de Hermes (a sua direita, chamado caduceu)?
Segundo Joffre M. de Rezende, professor emérito da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Goiás, o símbolo de Asclépio- deus da Medicina é o símbolo que representa os ideais da Medicina. O símbolo de Hermes, deus do comércio e dos viajantes e das estradas foi introduzido tardiamente na simbologia médica.
Na mitologia grega Asclépio é filho de Apolo e da ninfa Coronis. Foi criado pelo centauro Quiron que lhe ensinou o uso de plantas medicinais. Tornou-se um médico famoso e segundo a lenda além de curar os doentes que o procuravam, passou a ressuscitar os que ele já encontrava mortos ultrapassando os limites da medicina. Foi por isso fulminado com um raio por Zeus. Após a sua morte, foi cultuado como deus da medicina tanto na Grécia como no Império Romano.
Em várias esculturas procedentes de templos de Asclépio greco-romanos, o deus da medicina é sempre representado segurando um bastão com uma serpente em volta, o qual se tornou o símbolo da medicina. Várias interpretações tem sido atribuídas ao símbolo: o bastão pode simbolizar: árvore da vida, com o seu ciclo de morte e renascimento; símbolo do poder, como o cetro dos reis; símbolo da magia, como a vara de Moisés; apoio para as caminhadas, como o cajado dos pastores. Já a serpente: símbolo do bem e do mal, portanto, da saúde e da doença; símbolo do poder de rejuvenescimento, pela troca periódica da pele ;símbolo da sagacidade;ser ctônico, que estabelece a comunicação entre o mundo subterrâneo e a superfície da Terra; elo entre o mundo visível e o invisível.As serpentes não venenosas (Elaphe longissima) eram preservadas nos lares e templos da Grécia não só por seu significado místico como pelo seu fim utilitário, já que devoravam os ratos.
Hermes, na mitologia grega, é considerado um deus desonesto e trapaceiro, astuto e mentiroso, deidade do lucro e protetor dos ladrões. Seu primeiro ato, logo após o seu nascimento, foi roubar parte do gado de seu irmão Apolo, negando a autoria do furto. Foi preciso a intervenção de Zeus, que o obrigou a confessar o roubo. Para se reconciliar com Apolo, Hermes presenteou-o com a lira, que havia inventado, esticando sobre o casco de uma tartaruga, cordas fabricadas com tripas de boi. Inventou a seguir a flauta que também deu de presente a Apolo. Apolo, em retribuição, deu-lhe o caduceu. Caduceus, em latim, é a tradução do grego kherykeion, bastão dos arautos, que servia de salvo-conduto, conferindo imunidade ao seu portador quando em missão de paz. O primitivo caduceu não tinha asas na extremidade superior, as quais foram acrescentadas posteriormente. Hermes tinha a capacidade de deslocar-se com a velocidade do pensamento e por isso tornou-se o mensageiro dos deuses do Olimpo e o deus dos viajantes e das estradas. Como o comércio na antigüidade era do tipo ambulante e se fazia especialmente através dos viajantes, Hermes foi consagrado como o deus do comércio. Outra tarefa a ele atribuída foi a de transportar os mortos à sua morada subterrânea.
Associações Médicas mais recentes e diversos matérias na mídia tem utilizado o caduceu como símbolo da medicina. O único e verdadeiro símbolo da medicina é o bastão de Asclépio com uma só serpente. O caduceu de Hermes, símbolo do comércio, deve ser visto como um símbolo impróprio aos nobres ideais da medicina.

16 Comentários:

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    By Anonymous Anônimo, at setembro 11, 2005  

  • Quanta mitologia pra um post! e eu que achava que Hermes era só o deus-mensageiro.

    By Blogger Luiz Roberto Lins Almeida, at setembro 12, 2005  

  • gostei das explicações do símbolo da Medicina e concordo com o do bastão de Asclépio. Muito lindo! Alfalins

    By Anonymous Anônimo, at outubro 18, 2005  

  • necessario verificar:)

    By Anonymous Anônimo, at novembro 20, 2009  

  • Sou médica e após várias pesquisas sobre o nosso símbolo,gostei muito das suas explicações.Parabéns!

    By Anonymous Anônimo, at maio 15, 2011  

  • o simbolo de Hermes e o simbolo da contabilidade!!! Asclépio e da medicina!!!

    By Anonymous contador !!, at janeiro 11, 2012  

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